QuestionAnswered step-by-step1. What is the first step of recording information to memory?…1. What is the first step of recording information to memory? storage retreival encoding recall 2. Saying someone’s name over and over in your head is an attempt to preserve material in one’s memory. This is called __________. retrival storage encoding recall 3. Short term memory holds items for up to 30 seconds. True False 4. Jane is 87 years old, has dementia and cannot remember her wedding day. Her ______ memory has been affected by dementia. short-term memory long-term memory sensory memory explicit memory 5. Memory is a constructive process whereby we give meaning and lend our expectations to given events. True False 6. Amnesia, Alzheimer’s Disease and Autism are all memory -related disorders. True False 7. In the process of thinking, mental representations do NOT include which of the following: Words Sounds Data Visual Images Social cues 8. Which of the following is considered a ‘cognitive shortcut?’Algorithms Critical thinking Heuristics Mind Map A and B A and C All of the above 9. The issue of homelessness includes several key arguments. On one hand, thought leaders suggest that homeless people are responsible for their improving their life outcomes. Those in opposition to this view argue that the government/welfare state needs to look after vulnerable citizens, such as those who are homeless. This is an exam of _________. An Argument A counter-argument Problem framing A social dilemma 10. One of the challenges with solving problems is that we have the tendency to think of an object in terms of its functional use. True False 11. Mary does not have a cleaning cloth, so she decides to use the newspaper to clean the mirror. This is an example of _____________ Divergent thinking Convergent thinking Heuristic thinking Critical thinking Option 4 12. Considering the laws of language, what law best describes the following statement: “It’s raining cats and dogs” Phonetics Syntax Semantics Metaphor 13. Who is one of the most prominent linguists? Alfred Binet Noam Chomsky Abraham Maslow Jean Piaget 14. The term ‘intelligence’ is fixed and very rarely takes on new interpretive meanings. True False 15. Which thought leader challenged the G-factor theory? Noam Chomsky Howard Gardner Alfred Binet Adam Wechsler 16. Which is NOT a major approach to motivation? Drive Reduction Incentive Cognitve Social Hierarchy of Needs 17. People who have higher affiliation needs are particularly sensitive to relationship with others. They desire to be with the friends more often than along compared to people who are lower in the need for affiliation. True False 18. Genes affect physical attributes but also personal characteristics True False 19. A ‘zygote’, which contains 13 chromosomes- with each member of each pair coming from the father and the other coming from the mother. True False 20.Which is NOT one of the 5 major personality traits? Openness to experience Conscientiousness Extraversion Apathy Agreeableness 21. Personality is assessed using which of the following: Self-report measures Personality tests Behavioural assessments All of the above 22. Paula and Marge were both adopted as infants. Paula was raised in the city, while Marge was raised on a farm. They both agree that the environment shaped their individual personalities. This is an example of ______. Nature Nuture Ecology All of the above 23. This model of emotion claims that the physiological and emotional arousal are produced by the same nerve stimulus. James-Lange theory Cannon-bard theory Schachter-Singer theory Roew-Kahn theory 24. In FREUD’s psychodynamic explanation of personality, the ID refers to ____________. the implusive and unconscious part of our psyche the conscious part of our mind that deals with reality internalized moral standards and guidelines for making judgements the phallic part of the personality 25. Projections is an example of a defence mechanism whereby _____________________. A person’s neagtive behaviour is attributed to someone else A person forecasts future danger gradually A persons’ unpleasent reality is ignored A person releases their anxiety out onto someone else 26. Who did NOT challenge Freud’s theory on personality development? Jung Horney Maslow Adler 27. For ADLER, which is NOT a characteristic of the middle child? Adaptable Peacemaker Sensitive Social 28. A humanistic approach to understanding personality emphasizes the importance of taking account of one’s inner world and genetic factors. True False 29. Which stage of Eric Erikson’s stages of human development represents initiative vs. guilt? Infancy Early Childhood Preschool School Age 30. Disengagement theory suggests that it is natural and mutually beneficial for society when older adults withdraw from society as they age. True False 31. Piaget and Vygotsky have opposing views on cognitive development in children. True False 32. What is the new stage which has been recently added to Elizabeth Kubler’ Ross’ five stages of death? Sharing Meaning Constructing Processing 33. Group Therapy is a type of treatment which fits within which approach to treat psychological disorders? Cognitive Humanistic Behavioural Interpersonal 34. Jane feels like she cannot adequately prepare for the final exam. When she sits down to study she is overwhelmed with anxiety. She solicits the advice of a therapist to deal with this concern. The therapist works on restructuring Jane’s irrational belief so that she can approach the exam in a more realistic way. This is an example of: Behavioural Approach Cognitive Therapy Group Therapy Observational Therapy 35. Which is the most common type of psychological disorder in North America? Anxiety Personality Disorder Depression Bipolar Disorder 36. Which is NOT a shortcoming of the DSM-5 Diagnosis is based on observed behaviour It compartmentalizes people into “all-or-none” categories It relies too much on a biological perspective It stigmatizes and labels people 37. The Bio-Psycho-Social model suggests that psychological disorders are impacted by which of the following: Biological influences Psychological influences Socio-cultural influences All of the above 38. Jane and Mark are working collaboratively on a group project. To mitigate the tensions among the group, Mark takes a nonaggressive collaborative approach. What type of personality type does Mark have? Type A Type B Type C Type D 39. 9/11 is an example of a __________ event Cataclysmic Personal Post-Traumatic Background Stressors 40. Joan has just encountered a very stressful situation. Although she is dealing with great adversity, she approaches the situation as a challenge to overcome and is motivated to do so. What type of coping style does Joan demonstrate? The Hardy Personality Resiliance Social Support Positive Psychology PsychologySocial ScienceSocial PsychologyShare Question